Targeting GPRC5D With CAR-T Cells in Relapse/Refractory Multiple Myeloma: Case Report and Literature Review

Area of Science:

• Hematologic Oncology
• Immunotherapy
• Cellular Therapy

Background:

• Multiple myeloma (MM) is a significant hematologic malignancy with limited options for relapsed/refractory cases (RRMM).
• G-protein-coupled receptor, class C group 5 member D (GPRC5D) is an emerging target for CAR-T cell therapy in MM.
• High-risk factors and extramedullary disease complicate RRMM treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report the efficacy and safety of GPRC5D-targeted CAR-T cell therapy in a patient with heavily pretreated, high-risk RRMM.
• To evaluate the durability of response in a nonsecretory MM patient with extramedullary disease.

Main Methods:

• A single patient with relapsed/refractory nonsecretory multiple myeloma received GPRC5D-targeted CAR-T cell therapy.
• The patient had previously undergone seven lines of therapy, including stem cell transplant and various targeted agents.
• Disease response and duration of remission were monitored.

Main Results:

• The patient achieved complete disappearance of extramedullary lesions.
• Sustained complete remission was observed for up to 17 months.
• The GPRC5D-targeted CAR-T cell therapy was well-tolerated.

Conclusions:

• GPRC5D-targeted CAR-T cell therapy demonstrates high efficacy and tolerability in a challenging RRMM patient.
• This therapy offers a potential new option for RRMM, especially for those refractory to other treatments.
• Further investigation in larger cohorts is warranted to confirm these findings.