[Research progress on the systematic regulation mechanism of circadian rhythm-mediated tumor cells and immune...

The circadian rhythm system coordinates physiological functions such as gene expression, hormone release, energy consumption, cell growth and metabolism through a multi-level molecular network to maintain homeostasis. Circadian core genes regulate cell cycle checkpoints, metabolic homeostasis, and key signaling pathways through a transcription-translation negative feedback loop, and their dysfunction can drive malignant progression of tumors. At the same time, circadian rhythm affects the immune surveillance and immune escape process in the tumor immune microenvironment by regulating the development, differentiation and effector function of immune cells, and further promotes the occurrence and development of tumors. At present, chronotherapy based on circadian rhythm has shown significant advantages in clinical practice. Optimizing the dosage regimen and implementing the chronotherapy strategy can significantly improve the anti-tumor efficacy and reduce the side effects of drugs. Small molecule modulators targeting the biological clock or novel sequential treatment regimens combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors are being evaluated in a number of clinical trials. In view of the great potential value of circadian rhythm regulation in precision medicine, this paper systematically explores the interaction network of circadian rhythm, tumor and immune response, and provides a new perspective for tumor treatment strategy based on biological clock regulation.