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APOE ε4 carrier status affects cognition in healthy older adults, but physical activity (PA) did not show an independent association. Further research is needed to understand the interplay between genetics and lifestyle on cognitive health.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Population aging is associated with cognitive decline and increased risk of neurocognitive disorders.
  • The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele is a significant genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease.
  • Physical activity (PA) is recognized as a potential non-pharmacological intervention for maintaining cognitive function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between physical activity and cognitive performance in cognitively healthy older adults.
  • To examine the influence of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype on this association.
  • To explore the relationship between APOE status, physical activity, and cognitive function in aging individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional observational study involving 83 cognitively healthy Brazilian older adults.
  • Participants were genotyped for APOE ε4 allele status (carriers vs. non-carriers).
  • Cognitive performance was assessed using the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R); statistical analyses included ANCOVA.

Main Results:

  • APOE ε4 carriers showed lower cognitive performance, with APOE status significantly influencing cognitive outcomes (p=0.039).
  • No statistically significant differences in cognition or sociodemographic variables were found between APOE ε4 carriers and non-carriers initially.
  • Physical activity was not independently associated with global cognition after controlling for APOE status (p=0.644).

Conclusions:

  • APOE ε4 carrier status demonstrably impacts cognitive performance in cognitively unimpaired older adults.
  • Physical activity did not show an independent association with cognitive performance in this specific sample.
  • Genetic factors, such as APOE status, may modulate the cognitive benefits of physical activity, warranting further longitudinal investigation.