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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Jordan Williamson1, Jack Lei Yang2, Rhea Parekh3

  • 1University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
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Summary

Higher plasma N Terminal (NT1)-tau levels correlate with reduced hippocampal connectivity in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). This blood-based marker shows promise for early AD detection and clinical use.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomarkers
  • Alzheimer's Disease Research

Background:

  • Hippocampal functional alterations are key in Alzheimer's Disease (AD), linked to memory deficits.
  • Early AD changes occur before diagnosis, with current monitoring methods facing limitations.
  • Plasma tau offers a potentially accessible and less invasive alternative for monitoring AD-related brain changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of plasma N Terminal (NT1)-tau levels on hippocampal functional connectivity in AD.
  • To explore the potential of blood-based tau markers for early AD detection.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of resting-state fMRI, T2 MRI, and plasma NT1-tau levels from 30 AD patients and 30 controls (ADNI cohort).
  • Seed-based functional connectivity analysis using the hippocampus as the region of interest.
  • Comparison of correlation maps between plasma NT1-tau and hippocampal functional connectivity.

Main Results:

  • Elevated plasma NT1-tau levels were significantly associated with decreased hippocampal functional connectivity in individuals with AD.
  • This finding highlights a link between peripheral tau levels and brain network function in AD.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma NT1-tau demonstrates potential as an accessible blood-based biomarker for early AD detection.
  • Future research should focus on larger sample sizes, longitudinal studies, and integration with other biomarkers like amyloid beta.