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Lactylation in Vascular Diseases: A Double-Edged Sword
Siyao Luo1, Yafang Wang1, Zhimo Luo1
1School of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China.
Cells
|December 24, 2025
Summary
Lactate, a signaling molecule, modifies proteins through lactylation. This process has dual roles in vascular diseases, offering protection or causing harm, presenting a key challenge for precision medicine.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Cardiovascular Research
Background:
- Lactate is recognized as a signaling molecule linking metabolism and gene regulation.
- Protein lactylation, a lactate-mediated post-translational modification (PTM), is crucial for this role.
- Lactate's dual role in vascular diseases is context-dependent.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the dual roles of protein lactylation in vascular diseases.
- To explore the molecular mechanisms behind lactylation's protective and pathological effects.
- To highlight the therapeutic potential of modulating lactylation in vascular conditions.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of existing literature on lactylation in vascular diseases.
- Analysis of molecular pathways involved in lactylation.
- Discussion of cell type, disease stage, and microenvironment influences.
Main Results:
- Lactylation can be protective by promoting repair and reducing inflammation.
- Aberrant lactylation can worsen inflammation, fibrosis, and cell death, contributing to atherosclerosis, heart failure, and stroke.
- The effects of lactylation are highly dependent on cellular context and disease state.
Conclusions:
- Lactylation exhibits a 'double-edged sword' effect in vascular diseases.
- Precisely modulating lactylation is a critical challenge and opportunity for clinical translation.
- Targeting lactylation may lead to novel diagnostic biomarkers and precision therapies for vascular diseases.
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