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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Induction and Analysis of Oxidative Stress in Sleeping Beauty Transposon-Transfected Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells
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Ameliorative Effects of Vitamin E and Lutein on Hydrogen Peroxide-Triggered Oxidative Cytotoxicity via Combined

Hongrui Lv1, Yongji He1, Shang Guo1

  • 1Shanxi Institute for Functional Food, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China.

Cells
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Vitamin E and lutein protect cells from oxidative stress. Vitamin E showed greater efficacy in improving cell viability and balancing redox systems compared to lutein.

Keywords:
ameliorative effectsluteinmetabolomeoxidative stresstranscriptomevitamin E

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Biochemistry
  • Cellular Biology
  • Oxidative Stress Research

Background:

  • Vitamin E and lutein are food factors with known cytoprotective and antioxidant properties.
  • Detailed cellular mechanisms of their protective effects, especially under oxidative stress, require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the protective effects of vitamin E and lutein against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells.
  • To investigate the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms using transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling.

Main Methods:

  • HepG2 cells were subjected to H2O2-induced oxidative stress with or without pre-treatment of vitamin E or lutein.
  • Physiological, biochemical, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses were performed to assess cellular responses.
  • Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were conducted.

Main Results:

  • Both vitamin E and lutein ameliorated H2O2-induced cytotoxicity by enhancing cell viability and redox balance.
  • Vitamin E demonstrated superior efficacy in mitigating oxidative stress compared to lutein.
  • Transcriptomic analysis revealed distinct gene expression patterns: vitamin E affected transport, enzyme activity, and oxidative stress pathways, while lutein influenced extracellular organization, biological processes, and apoptosis.
  • Metabolomic analysis showed vitamin E impacted thiamine metabolism and ABC transporters, whereas lutein affected sugar metabolism and pyrimidine pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Vitamin E and lutein offer cytoprotection against oxidative stress in HepG2 cells, with vitamin E showing greater potency.
  • Combined transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches provide novel insights into their distinct cellular mechanisms.
  • These findings support the potential use of vitamin E and lutein as supplements for managing oxidative stress-related diseases.