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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Quasistatic Mechanical Testing for Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Occlusal Veneers Cemented to Milled Dentin Analog Material
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Prosthetic Cap-Free Implant Restorations: Five-Year Clinical Performance with Mechanical Verification.

Ioan-Achim Borșanu1, Laura-Cristina Rusu2,3, Sergiu-Manuel Antonie1

  • 1Clinic of Implant Supported Restorations, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania.

Dentistry Journal
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Eliminating prosthetic caps in screw-retained zirconia restorations improved esthetics and hygiene without compromising clinical stability. Cap-free designs demonstrated superior marginal adaptation and patient satisfaction over 5 years.

Keywords:
digital workflowimplant prosthodonticsmarginal fitmechanical verificationprosthetic capscrew-retained restorations

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Implantology
  • Prosthodontics
  • Biomaterials

Background:

  • Prosthetic caps in screw-retained restorations aim to improve passivity and protect abutment threads.
  • However, caps can increase prosthetic volume and negatively impact esthetics.
  • High-strength zirconia's advent prompts re-evaluation of cap necessity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the clinical outcomes of screw-retained zirconia restorations with and without prosthetic caps.
  • To evaluate the impact of cap omission on esthetics, hygiene, and mechanical stability.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 20 partial screw-retained zirconia restorations (3-5 year follow-up).
  • Assessment of screw stability, marginal adaptation, esthetics (VAS), hygiene, and biological response.
  • Mechanical verification of zirconia crowns under torque and compressive loading.

Main Results:

  • No mechanical or biological complications in either group; cap-free group had no screw failures.
  • Cap-free restorations showed significantly smaller marginal gaps (0.183 mm vs. 0.289 mm).
  • Higher esthetic satisfaction (VAS 9.3 vs. 8.2) and better hygiene access in cap-free restorations.

Conclusions:

  • Cap-free screw-retained zirconia restorations offer excellent 5-year clinical stability.
  • Omission of prosthetic caps improves esthetics and hygiene access without compromising mechanical performance.
  • Accurate fit and digital workflow precision are crucial for successful cap-free restorations.