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Multiple Comparison Tests01:13

Multiple Comparison Tests

Multiple comparison test, abbreviated as MCT, is a post hoc analysis generally performed after comparing multiple samples with one or more tests. An MCT will help identify a significantly different sample among multiple samples or a factor among multiple factors.
It would be easy to compare two samples using a significance alpha level of 0.05. In other words, there is only one sample pair to be compared. However, it would be difficult to identify a significantly different sample if the number...

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Digital Tinnitus Counseling in Clinical Practice: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

Petra Brueggemann1, Gernot G Supp2, Paul Schmidt3

  • 1Tinnitus Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.

Audiology Research
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A smartphone app providing tinnitus counseling significantly reduced distress and daily burden in patients with subjective tinnitus. Higher app usage correlated with greater improvements, highlighting the benefits of digital health interventions for tinnitus management.

Keywords:
DiGAcopingdaily burdendigital healthdistresseHealthmanagementmobile appsmartphonetinnitus counseling

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology and Digital Health
  • Clinical Psychology and Behavioral Medicine

Background:

  • Subjective tinnitus is a prevalent and often debilitating condition.
  • Current management guidelines emphasize counseling interventions due to the lack of effective pharmacotherapy.
  • Digital health solutions offer a scalable approach to delivering guideline-compliant counseling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of guideline-compliant counseling delivered via the smartphone application 'Meine Tinnitus App'.
  • To assess the impact of digital counseling on tinnitus-related distress and daily burden.
  • To compare outcomes between an intervention group receiving digital counseling plus standard care and a control group receiving standard care only.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 204 patients with chronic subjective tinnitus across 33 ENT practices in Germany.
  • Intervention group received 10 weeks of digital counseling via 'Meine Tinnitus App' alongside standard care.
  • Primary endpoint: change in tinnitus-related distress (Mini-TQ-12). Secondary endpoint: change in daily burden and coping difficulties (BVB-2000).

Main Results:

  • The intervention group demonstrated significant reductions in tinnitus-related distress (EMM [95% CI]: 4.5 [3.3-5.8]) and improvements in daily burden (EMM [95% CI]: 0.5 [0.2-0.7]).
  • Effect sizes were large to moderate (Hedges' g between 1.1 and 0.5), with results confirmed by responder and sensitivity analyses.
  • Higher app usage was associated with greater improvements in both primary and secondary endpoints (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • The 'Meine Tinnitus App' effectively alleviates tinnitus-related distress, daily burden, and coping difficulties in patients with subjective tinnitus.
  • Digital counseling represents a viable and effective therapeutic option for managing subjective tinnitus.
  • The study supports the health benefits of digital counseling interventions for tinnitus management.