Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 7, 2026
06:51
Multilevel Microdissection and Functional-Structural Profiling of Human Renal Arterial Branches
Published on: September 5, 2025
494
SGLT2 Inhibitors Confer Cardiovascular Protection via the Gut-Kidney-Heart Axis: Mechanisms and Translational
Yimei Tao1, Ning Zhang2, Zhaoxiang Wang2
1Department of Endocrinology, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan, Kunshan 215300, China.
Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
|December 24, 2025
Summary
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) benefit heart and kidney health by improving the gut microbiome. These drugs modulate the gut-kidney-heart axis, reducing inflammation and metabolic stress for cardiorenal protection.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Microbiology
- Cardiology
- Nephrology
Background:
- Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) offer cardiovascular and renal benefits beyond glucose lowering.
- The gut-kidney-heart axis, involving gut dysbiosis and inflammation, contributes to cardiorenal injury.
- Integrated mechanisms of SGLT2i action on this axis are not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review how SGLT2i modulate the gut-kidney-heart axis.
- To integrate microecological, metabolic, and cross-organ protective effects of SGLT2i.
- To propose a novel framework for understanding SGLT2i mechanisms.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of literature on SGLT2i and the gut-kidney-heart axis.
- Analysis of SGLT2i effects on gut microbiota composition and function.
- Evaluation of SGLT2i impact on metabolite profiles and intestinal barrier integrity.
Main Results:
- SGLT2i reshape gut microbiota, promoting beneficial bacteria and suppressing harmful ones.
- SGLT2i restore intestinal barrier integrity and regulate bile acid metabolism.
- These effects reduce systemic inflammation, metabolic stress, and myocardial remodeling.
Conclusions:
- SGLT2i exert cardiorenal protection by modulating the gut-kidney-heart axis through multi-level interventions.
- A unified framework highlights "three-axis convergence to the heart" via microecological and metabolic regulation.
- Future research should explore microbiota-targeted therapies and SGLT2i applications in non-diabetic populations.
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