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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Tobey J Betthauser1, Hailey Bruzzone1, Jacob Morse1

  • 1University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

APOE-e4 carriage accelerates tau accumulation after amyloid positivity onset in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This finding was consistent across three longitudinal cohorts, highlighting genetic factors influencing AD progression.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease
  • Neuroimaging Analysis

Background:

  • Tau burden is variable after amyloid positivity (A+) onset and correlates with clinical decline in sporadic Alzheimer's Disease (AD).
  • Understanding factors influencing amyloid-related tau accumulation is crucial for AD progression insights.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate common factors that accelerate amyloid-related tau accumulation using temporal modeling and neuroimaging data.
  • To analyze the influence of age, APOE-e4 carriage, sex, and education on tau accumulation trajectories.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized PET imaging data from three cohorts (ADNI, OASIS, WISC) with amyloid (A+) and tau (T+) quantification.
  • Estimated age at amyloid positivity onset (EAOA) and time since A+ onset (A+ time).
  • Employed linear mixed-effects models (LMEs) to assess associations between A+ time and tau SUVR, including interactions with demographic and genetic factors.

Main Results:

  • A+ time positively associated with tau SUVR in medial temporal and temporal neocortex across cohorts.
  • APOE-e4 carriage significantly interacted with A+ time, accelerating medial temporal tau accumulation.
  • Sex and baseline tau age also showed significant interactions with A+ time, influencing tau trajectories, particularly in females and younger individuals.

Conclusions:

  • APOE-e4 carriage consistently accelerates tau trajectories relative to A+ onset in longitudinal AD cohorts.
  • Findings underscore the role of genetic factors (APOE-e4) in modulating AD-related tau pathology.
  • Further research is needed to explore cohort-specific differences and refine understanding of these relationships.