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Measuring Carbon Content in Airway Macrophages Exposed to Carbon-Containing Particulate Matters
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Source-Specific PM2.5 Exposure and Associated Health Risks During Beijing Winter.

Xin Liu1, Zhiqing Liu1, Wenming Pei1

  • 1Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, Nanjing 210042, China.

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|December 24, 2025
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Summary

Air masses from the north bring cleaner air to Beijing, while those from the south increase health risks from fine particles (PM2.5). Eastward air masses also contribute significantly to pollution after emission reductions.

Keywords:
AFEns-HYSPLIT-CWTPM2.5human health

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Atmospheric Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Atmospheric fine particles (PM2.5) significantly impact human health.
  • Understanding PM2.5 sources is crucial for effective pollution control and health risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate PM2.5 sources impacting Beijing using trajectory analysis.
  • To investigate the health effects of PM2.5 originating from various geographical sources.

Main Methods:

  • Combined Concentration Weighted Trajectory (CWT) analysis with HYSPLIT trajectory ensemble (Ens-HYSPLIT-CWT).
  • Analyzed meteorological conditions, aerosol optical depth (AOD), and daily attributable fraction (AF) for PM2.5 exposure.

Main Results:

  • Northward air masses generally correlate with cleaner air and lower AF values (0.14).
  • Southward air masses are associated with high PM2.5, high AOD, and the highest AF values (0.75).
  • Eastward air masses, post-emission reduction, showed increased PM2.5 contribution and high AF (0.5), exceeding local emissions.

Conclusions:

  • PM2.5 health impacts in Beijing are strongly influenced by air mass origin.
  • Future pollution control strategies must consider contributions from eastward air masses.
  • Targeted interventions based on source-specific PM2.5 are essential for public health protection.