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Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activities of Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Surfaces In Vitro

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Published on: April 21, 2023

Copper-Modified Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Antimicrobial Applications.

Amaia M Goitandia¹, Maialen Argaiz¹, Miren Blanco¹

¹Unidad de Química de Superficies y Nanotecnología, Fundación Tekniker, Iñaki Goenaga 5, 20600 Eibar, Spain.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

|December 24, 2025

Summary

Copper-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles show potent broad-spectrum antimicrobial and antiviral activity. This antibiotic-free approach offers a promising strategy against antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and viral threats.

Keywords:

E. coli S. aureus SARS-CoV-2 antibacterial properties influenza A mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs)virucidal properties virus inactivation

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Infectious Disease Research

Background:

The rise of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria and viral outbreaks presents a significant global health challenge.
There is an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies beyond traditional antibiotics.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize and functionalize mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with copper for broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity.
To investigate the impact of copper oxidation states on the efficacy of MSNs against bacterial and viral pathogens.

Main Methods:

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were synthesized and functionalized with copper.
Copper oxidation states were modulated via thermal treatments.
Modified MSNs were tested against bacterial pathogens (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus) and viruses (influenza A H1N1, SARS-CoV-2, MS2 bacteriophage).

Main Results:

Copper-modified MSNs demonstrated complete bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli within 2 hours.
High efficiency was observed against viruses: >80% for influenza A (H1N1) pdm09, >90% for SARS-CoV-2, and >97% for MS2 bacteriophage.
The oxidation state of copper significantly influenced antimicrobial efficacy.

Conclusions:

Copper-functionalized MSNs exhibit potent antibacterial and antiviral properties.
These nanoparticles represent a potential antibiotic-free alternative for infection prevention.
This approach may help mitigate the development of antimicrobial resistance.