Biomarkers

Elevated levels of ApoB and LDL-C have been associated with CI¹. The LDL-C/ApoB ratio is a marker of LDL particle size, with smaller, denser LDL (sdLDL) particles being more atherogenic and a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases². However, the relationship between LDL-C/ApoB and CI remains unclear.

This study utilized data from the NHANES covering the years 2011 to 2014, including 1,105 participants over 60 years old. To investigate the relationship between LDL-C/ApoB and CI, the logistic regression analysis was employed. Furthermore, the restricted cubic splines (RCS) were applied to explore potential nonlinear relationships between them.

The average age of participants was 68 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 63-74), and 537 (48.6%) participants were male. Logistic regression analysis showed no significant association between ApoB and CI (OR: 1.003, 95% CI: 0.998-1.008, p =  0.215), while a significant association was observed between LDL-C/ApoB and CI (OR: 1.519, 95% CI: 1.206-1.922, p < 0.001). The results remained consistent after adjusting for gender and age (OR: 1.349, 95% CI: 1.062-1.718, p < 0.05). Further RCS analysis indicated a nonlinear relationship between LDL-C/ApoB and CI (P_non-liner < 0.0001), even after adjusting age and gender (P_non-liner < 0.0001).

Our study demonstrates that the LDL-C/ApoB ratio is a potential risk factor for CI in the elder population. Thus, maintaining an optimal LDL-C/ApoB ratio might be crucial in preventing CI.