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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Meina Quan1,2,3,4, Yazhen Huang1, Bote Zhao1

  • 1Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Beijing, China.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plasma inflammation biomarkers, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), aid in diagnosing Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD) and differentiating it from other neurodegenerative conditions. These markers correlate with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD) diagnosis can be challenging, especially differentiating it from other neurodegenerative diseases.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers are established but invasive; exploring plasma-based markers is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate plasma inflammation biomarkers in ADD and other neurodegenerative dementias (NonADD).
  • To assess the association between plasma inflammation markers and CSF Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic and differential diagnostic value of plasma inflammation markers for ADD.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 245 and 328 participants from two cohorts, including controls, ADD, and NonADD groups.
  • Measurement of CSF biomarkers (Aβ42, ptau181, ttau) and plasma inflammatory markers (neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet counts, CRP, Albumin).
  • Statistical analysis to determine prediction performance and correlations.

Main Results:

  • A combination of CSF biomarker ratios, inflammation ratios, and ApoE4 effectively distinguished ADD from controls.
  • A specific combination including CSF ratios, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and ApoE4 differentiated ADD from NonADD.
  • Plasma inflammation markers, particularly NLR, showed a positive correlation with CSF AD biomarkers in ADD patients.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma inflammation biomarkers offer significant added value for the diagnosis of ADD.
  • These markers are also valuable in the differential diagnosis of ADD from other neurodegenerative conditions.
  • NLR and PLR show promise as accessible indicators linked to AD pathology.