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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Ansar A1, Athira B1, Rubell Marion Lincy G1

  • 1Indian Institute of Information Technology, Kottayam, Kottayam, Kerala, India.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fractal dimension (FD) analysis of retinal vasculature shows significantly lower values in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients compared to controls. This suggests FD can serve as a potential biomarker for early AD detection.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Medical Imaging Analysis
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Automated retinal vascular segmentation is crucial for diagnosing diseases like Alzheimer's.
  • This study introduces a novel framework using semi-supervised domain adaptation and Multi Teacher-Student (MTSC) collaboration for retinal image segmentation and Fractal Dimension (FD) calculation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel MTSC-based framework for precise retinal vascular segmentation.
  • To investigate the utility of calculating FD from retinal vasculature as a potential biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the public DRIVE dataset and collected retinal images from AD patients and normal controls.
  • Implemented a Multi Teacher-Student (MTSC) architecture with collaborative attention and dual supervision for segmentation.
  • Extracted retinal blood vessels and calculated their Fractal Dimensions (FD).

Main Results:

  • Achieved high performance in segmentation with accuracy (0.9786), IoU (0.8406), AUC (0.9206), and F1-Score (0.8688).
  • Demonstrated significantly lower FD values in AD patients (0.84-1.32) compared to normal controls (1.46-1.60).
  • The difference in FD between AD patients and controls was statistically significant (p=0.000048).

Conclusions:

  • Retinal vasculature's Fractal Dimension (FD) can serve as a valuable biomarker for predicting Alzheimer's disease.
  • Lower FD values in AD patients indicate potential structural changes in retinal vasculature associated with the disease.