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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Alejandra García-Colomo1, David López-Sanz2, Martín Carrasco-Gómez3

  • 1Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Madrid, Spain.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain network changes in cognitively unimpaired individuals are linked to Alzheimer's disease risk. Elevated plasma phosphorylated tau231 (ptau231) correlates with altered network topology, suggesting early brain dysfunction.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomarkers
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • Preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) offers a critical window for early detection and intervention.
  • Electrophysiology and plasma biomarkers are promising low-invasive tools for early AD detection.
  • This study investigates magnetoencephalography (MEG) network topology and plasma phosphorylated tau231 (ptau231) in unimpaired individuals with varying AD risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the relationship between MEG-derived network topology parameters and plasma ptau231 levels.
  • To explore these associations in cognitively unimpaired individuals across different Alzheimer's disease risk levels.

Main Methods:

  • Magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings and plasma ptau231 concentrations were analyzed from 76 individuals.
  • Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) analysis was used to calculate network topology parameters (leaf fraction, tree hierarchy, diameter) for theta, alpha, and beta bands.
  • Associations were examined for the entire sample and specific risk subgroups.

Main Results:

  • Higher plasma ptau231 levels correlated with increased leaf fraction and tree hierarchy, and decreased diameter in the alpha and theta frequency bands.
  • These associations were significant in the overall sample and the higher AD risk group, but not in the lower risk group.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitively unimpaired individuals with elevated plasma ptau231 exhibit altered brain network topology, characterized by increased integration and hub-dependency, particularly in the alpha band.
  • These findings, including increased leaf fraction, tree hierarchy, and reduced diameter, align with theoretical models of early AD progression.
  • Changes in brain function and organization commence early in the Alzheimer's disease trajectory.