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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Rasheed Abid1, Md Tahmid Yasar1, Abdur Raquib Ridwan2

  • 1Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) reveals a strong link between brain iron levels and magnetic susceptibility in older adults. This finding may help estimate iron concentrations non-invasively for neurodegenerative disease research.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) is vital for studying brain iron homeostasis and abnormalities.
  • The relationship between post-mortem iron levels and in-vivo magnetic susceptibility, particularly in cortical regions, is not well understood.
  • This study investigates the link between cortical magnetic susceptibility and iron levels in community-dwelling older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between cortical magnetic susceptibility and iron concentrations in older adults.
  • To determine if in-vivo QSM can estimate post-mortem iron levels in the cortex.
  • To explore potential applications in studying iron dysregulation in neurodegenerative diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 3D multi-echo gradient echo (ME-GRE) data from 20 older adults (ages 71-101).
  • Reconstructed susceptibility maps using the Morphology Enabled Dipole Inversion (MEDI) algorithm.
  • Measured cortical iron concentrations via ICP-MS post-mortem and correlated with in-vivo magnetic susceptibility, adjusting for age, sex, and post-mortem interval.

Main Results:

  • Strong correlations were observed between iron levels and magnetic susceptibility in cortical regions.
  • Multiple linear regression revealed a significant positive association (R 2 =0.83, p < 0.05) between magnetic susceptibility and iron levels, controlling for covariates.
  • The findings indicate a robust relationship between in-vivo QSM measurements and ex-vivo iron concentrations.

Conclusions:

  • A significant positive association exists between cortical magnetic susceptibility and iron levels in the same individuals.
  • In-vivo QSM shows potential for estimating cortical iron concentrations.
  • This research supports the use of QSM for future studies on iron dysregulation in neurodegenerative conditions.