Advances in biosensors for bacterial detection and identification

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Nanotechnology
• Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

• Bacterial detection is crucial for human health, food safety, and security.
• Biosensors provide rapid, sensitive, specific, and cost-effective bacterial monitoring.
• Nanoparticles enhance biosensor sensitivity, specificity, and functionality.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review advancements in biosensor technology for bacterial detection.
• To highlight the role of nanoparticles, AI, microfluidics, and CRISPR/Cas systems.
• To identify future research directions, particularly in multiplexed biosensing.

Main Methods:

• Review of current biosensor technologies for bacterial detection.
• Integration of nanoparticles, artificial intelligence (AI), microfluidics, and CRISPR/Cas systems.
• Exploration of wearable biosensors for real-time monitoring.

Main Results:

• Biosensors, especially those incorporating nanoparticles, show enhanced performance.
• AI, microfluidics, and CRISPR/Cas systems are advancing bacterial detection capabilities.
• Current biosensors often target single bacterial species.

Conclusions:

• Next-generation biosensors are moving towards real-time, automated, and non-invasive monitoring.
• Multiplexed biosensors capable of detecting multiple bacteria simultaneously are needed.
• Dual-functionality biosensors will be key for integrated bacterial pathogen management.