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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Sarah E Goodale1, Panpan Zhang1,2, Yukti Vyas1

  • 1Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain structure and function coupling increases with cognitive decline in aging. This study reveals significant differences in structure-function coupling across cognitively unimpaired, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia groups, offering insights into Alzheimer's disease progression.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Aging Research
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Brain structure and function changes are linked to cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD).
  • Understanding the interplay between brain volume and functional connectivity across cognitive states is crucial for ADRD insights.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the spatial distribution of interactions between total brain volume and functional connectivity.
  • To investigate how these interactions vary across the cognitive spectrum, from cognitively unimpaired to dementia.

Main Methods:

  • Used functional MRI and T1-weighted MRI on 113 participants (cognitively unimpaired, mild cognitive impairment, dementia).
  • Calculated morphometric volumes and functional connectivity using Multi-Atlas segmentation and Pearson correlation.
  • Developed a structure-function coupling metric using permutation testing, controlling for covariates and correcting for multiple comparisons (FDR).

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in structure-function coupling were observed across all cognitive groups (dementia vs. CU/MCI, MCI vs. CU).
  • Specific regions like the left anterior cingulate and right entorhinal cortex showed differences between MCI and CU.
  • Dementia and CU groups differed in areas including the left superior frontal and right precentral gyrus.

Conclusions:

  • Morphometric structure-function coupling generally increases with worsening cognitive status.
  • Enhanced coupling in MCI and dementia may reflect regional atrophy and disrupted connectivity, potentially as a diminished compensatory mechanism.
  • Future research should increase sample size and explore cardiovascular influences on structure-function coupling.