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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Joanna L Eckhardt1, A Lisette Isenberg1, Teresa Monreal2

  • 1Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study (ADCS), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Six months of moderate aerobic walking improved circadian rhythm strength and timing in older adults with cognitive impairment. This exercise intervention offers a promising lifestyle strategy for enhancing brain health and potentially reducing Alzheimer's disease risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Chronobiology

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk and progression may be mitigated by lifestyle interventions like exercise and circadian therapies.
  • Investigating the impact of a 6-month aerobic exercise program on circadian rhythms in older adults with early cognitive impairment is crucial for understanding potential AD prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine how 6 months of moderate aerobic exercise influences circadian rhythm measures (amplitude, MESOR, M10 start time) in sedentary older adults with objective early cognitive impairment.
  • To compare the effects of aerobic walking versus a healthy lifestyle education control group on circadian rhythm parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized longitudinal data from 55 sedentary older adults (ages 55-79) with early cognitive impairment from the Lifestyle Enriching Activities for Research in Neuroscience Intervention Trial (LEARNit).
  • Participants were randomized to either 150 minutes/week of moderate aerobic walking (n=29) or a healthy lifestyle education control group (n=26) for 6 months.
  • Circadian rhythm parameters, including amplitude, Midline Estimating Statistic of Rhythm (MESOR), and M10 start time, were extracted from accelerometer data using GGIR, ActCR, and nparACT software in R. Changes were analyzed using ANCOVA, adjusted for age, sex, and APOE4 carrier status.

Main Results:

  • The aerobic exercise group demonstrated significant increases in both MESOR (p=0.0010) and amplitude (p=0.018), indicating enhanced circadian strength compared to the control group.
  • A significant shift towards a later M10 start time was observed in the exercise group (p=0.036), suggesting a delayed rhythm timing.
  • These findings were robust after adjusting for age, sex, and APOE4 carrier status.

Conclusions:

  • A 6-month moderate aerobic walking program significantly improved circadian rhythm strength (MESOR and amplitude) and shifted rhythm timing (M10 start time) in sedentary older adults with early cognitive impairment.
  • Aerobic exercise, specifically moderate walking, represents a viable lifestyle intervention for enhancing circadian regulation in this population.
  • These results support the role of exercise in promoting healthy aging and potentially mitigating neurodegenerative disease risk, such as Alzheimer's disease.