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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Rhian S Convery1, Lucy L Russell1, Kerala L Adams-Carr1

  • 1Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Early Detection of Frontotemporal Dementia (EDoF) initiative uses digital tools like the Ignite app to find early signs of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) in presymptomatic mutation carriers. These digital biomarkers show promise for earlier diagnosis and improved clinical trial readiness.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Digital Health
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) presents diagnostic challenges due to its insidious onset.
  • Early detection is crucial for timely intervention and effective clinical trial design.
  • The Early Detection of Frontotemporal Dementia (EDoF) initiative aims to address these challenges using novel digital tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify sensitive digital biomarkers for the early diagnosis of FTD.
  • To assess the utility of the Ignite app and other digital tools in detecting cognitive and motor impairments in presymptomatic FTD mutation carriers.
  • To improve clinical trial readiness for FTD by developing robust outcome measures.

Main Methods:

  • Multimodal assessment including the Ignite digital cognitive app, speech analysis, wearable sensors (Fitbit, IMU accelerometers), tapping tests, surface EMG, and passive cognitive assessments (eye tracking, reaction time via Longevity app).
  • Utilized the GENetic Frontotemporal dementia Initiative (GENFI) study cohort, including presymptomatic carriers of C9orf72, GRN, MAPT mutations, and mutation-negative controls.
  • Validated the Ignite app in healthy controls and subsequently applied it to the GENFI study population.

Main Results:

  • The Ignite app demonstrated the ability to detect cognitive impairments in asymptomatic FTD mutation carriers (CDR+NACC-FTLD-NM global score of 0), particularly in executive function, processing speed, and social cognition.
  • Preliminary data suggests the app's potential as a presymptomatic biomarker for FTD.
  • Various digital tools showed promise in detecting subtle speech, motor, and cognitive changes associated with FTD.

Conclusions:

  • The Ignite app is a promising digital cognitive biomarker for early FTD detection.
  • Multimodal digital health approaches show significant potential for enhancing FTD diagnosis and understanding disease progression.
  • Further validation in larger cohorts and integration into clinical practice are essential for routine use and improved trial readiness.