Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Associations of cerebrospinal fluid measures of synaptic function with white matter microstructure and cognition in older adults.

Frontiers in aging neuroscience·2026

Same author

Plasma GDF15 affects long-term dementia risk and alters neuroimmune signaling.

Science advances·2026

Same author

Five-year change in brain metabolism across the spectrum of cognitive impairment in older adults: a quantitative MRI study.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026

Same author

Disproportionately elevated sulcal index (DESI): An automatically driven index representing disproportionate subarachnoid space enlargement in brain MRI scans.

Brain research bulletin·2026

Same author

Plasma inflammatory markers and brain white matter microstructure in late middle-aged and older adults.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026

Same author

Fully Automated Deep Learning-Based Pipeline for Evans Index Measurement from Raw 3D MRI.

Neuroscience informatics·2026

Same journal

Breaking barriers: Enhancing access to dementia clinical trials in the United Kingdom-Insights from the Scientific Advisory Board of the Dame Barbara Windsor Dementia Goals Programme.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026

Same journal

Unveiling the procoagulant state in Alzheimer's disease: A novel PET imaging strategy.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026

Same journal

Estimated labor market outcomes of people progressing from preclinical to early-stage Alzheimer's disease in the United States.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026

Same journal

Amyloid exacerbates tau and alpha-synuclein pathologies, behavioral impairments, and neuroinflammation in a mixed dementia model.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026

Same journal

Multimorbidity burden and patterns associated with DeepBrainNet-derived brain-age gap in dementia-free older adults: A community-based study.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026

Same journal

Reply to "Shifting the emphasis of brain health literacy from individuals to systems to reduce inequalities".

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies

Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies

Published on: January 28, 2014

Biomarkers.

Jie Song¹, Wen Shi¹, Julia Suconic²

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association

|December 24, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Elevated cerebral oxygen-extraction-fraction (OEF) is linked to worse executive function in older adults with vascular risks, suggesting OEF is a potential biomarker for vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID).

More Related Videos

Selecting Multiple Biomarker Subsets with Similarly Effective Binary Classification Performances

Selecting Multiple Biomarker Subsets with Similarly Effective Binary Classification Performances

Published on: October 11, 2018

Ecotoxicological Methodologies to Evaluate Biomarkers at Different Scales in Neotropical Anurans

Ecotoxicological Methodologies to Evaluate Biomarkers at Different Scales in Neotropical Anurans

Published on: April 28, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies

Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies

Published on: January 28, 2014

Selecting Multiple Biomarker Subsets with Similarly Effective Binary Classification Performances

Selecting Multiple Biomarker Subsets with Similarly Effective Binary Classification Performances

Published on: October 11, 2018

Ecotoxicological Methodologies to Evaluate Biomarkers at Different Scales in Neotropical Anurans

Ecotoxicological Methodologies to Evaluate Biomarkers at Different Scales in Neotropical Anurans

Published on: April 28, 2023

Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Cognitive Neuroscience
Vascular Dementia Research

Background:

Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is a leading cause of cognitive decline in older adults.
Identifying reliable biomarkers for VCID remains a significant challenge in clinical practice.
Cerebral oxygen-extraction-fraction (OEF) is a critical hemodynamic parameter implicated in cerebrovascular disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between OEF and cognitive function in a VCID-enriched cohort.
To explore OEF as a potential non-invasive biomarker for VCID.
To determine if elevated OEF correlates with vascular risk factors.

Main Methods:

Eighty-seven older adults from the MarkVCID2 cohort were enrolled.
Non-invasive, non-contrast accelerated-T2-relaxation-under-phase-contrast (aTRUPC) MRI was used to measure cortical and subcortical OEF.
Cognitive function was assessed using a comprehensive neuropsychological battery, and a composite vascular-risk-score (VRS) was calculated.

Main Results:

Elevated OEF was significantly negatively correlated with overall cognitive function and specifically with executive function.
OEF showed a positive association with the composite vascular-risk-score (VRS).
Findings suggest OEF elevation is more closely related to VCID than Alzheimer's dementia.

Conclusions:

Elevated cortical and subcortical OEF is associated with poorer cognitive performance, particularly executive function.
OEF may serve as a valuable imaging biomarker for identifying and assessing VCID in older adults.
This study highlights the utility of advanced MRI techniques in understanding neurovascular contributions to cognitive decline.