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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Mohamed Salama1

  • 1The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study developed and validated new digital tools for dementia assessment in Egypt, showing promise for accessible cognitive health monitoring in diverse populations. These tools aid in early detection and understanding of cognitive aging.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Global dementia burden necessitates accessible, culturally relevant cognitive assessment tools.
  • Existing tools may not be suitable for diverse, resource-limited settings like Egypt.
  • Need for scientifically robust digital solutions for cognitive health evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate novel digital cognitive assessment tools for the Egyptian population.
  • To assess the sensitivity and reliability of speech and olfactory digital tools against a benchmark protocol.
  • To explore the relationship between modifiable dementia risk factors, health profiles, and cognitive function.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 1,200 participants (≥55 years) from diverse Egyptian urban/rural sites.

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  • Validated two digital tools (speech analysis, olfactory recognition) against the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP).
  • Collected detailed health profiles (12 modifiable dementia risk factors) and blood biomarkers.

    • Main Results:

    • The digital tools demonstrated sensitivity and reliability in cognitive assessment within the Egyptian cohort.
    • Established a comprehensive framework integrating digital, clinical, and biological measures for cognitive health.
    • Provided insights into cognitive aging influenced by modifiable risk factors and health determinants.

    Conclusions:

    • Innovative digital tools offer a viable approach for cognitive assessment in resource-limited settings.
    • Findings support the integration of technology in dementia research and public health strategies.
    • Highlights the importance of cultural relevance and inclusivity in cognitive health tools.