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Physics-constrained reconstruction for super-resolution ptychographic structured modulation microscopy
Optics Letters
|December 24, 2025
Summary
We developed a physics-constrained imaging framework that overcomes the diffraction limit in optical microscopy. This method enhances spatial resolution and reconstructs sharper cellular structures with fewer artifacts, even with reduced sampling.
Area of Science:
- Optics and Photonics
- Biomedical Imaging
- Computational Microscopy
Background:
- Conventional optical microscopy is limited by diffraction, discarding phase information crucial for quantitative imaging.
- Existing ptychographic methods with diffuser modulation struggle with misalignment, noise, and weak priors, leading to image degradation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a novel physics-constrained inversion framework for quantitative phase imaging.
- To enhance spatial resolution beyond the diffraction limit using diffuser modulation and coherent propagation.
Main Methods:
- Developed a unified forward model incorporating diffuser modulation and coherent propagation.
- Implemented physics-constrained inversion with anisotropic complex regularization for stable convergence.
- Enforced amplitude-residual fidelity for robust reconstruction.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated robustness to lateral misregistration and additive Gaussian noise.
- Achieved stable reconstruction fidelity with up to ~61% sampling reduction.
- Enhanced spatial resolution by 1.26× compared to ePIE, surpassing the diffraction limit by 2.16×.
Conclusions:
- The proposed framework significantly improves spatial resolution and image quality in optical microscopy.
- It enables sharper reconstruction of cellular structures with reduced artifacts, even under challenging conditions.
- This method offers a powerful tool for quantitative phase imaging beyond conventional limitations.
