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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Thanakit Pongpitakmetha1,2,3,4, Thanapoom Taweephol5, Nattanich Pornteparak6

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) correlates with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) burden, especially in non-Alzheimer

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a primary cause of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) and a potential co-pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • Plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) may indicate astrocytosis, a process implicated in both CSVD and AD.
  • Understanding the relationship between CSVD biomarkers and plasma GFAP is crucial for diagnosing and managing cognitive decline.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the correlation between neuroimaging biomarkers of CSVD and plasma GFAP levels in a memory clinic cohort.
  • To investigate whether this correlation differs between patients with and without Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • To explore the influence of AD biomarkers on the relationship between CSVD and plasma GFAP.

Main Methods:

  • Collected clinical information and plasma biomarkers from 114 participants in memory clinics.
  • Categorized patients into AD and non-AD groups using established criteria (CSF Aβ 42/p-tau181 ratio or Aβ PET).
  • Assessed CSVD using MRI-based STRIVE-2 criteria and calculated a composite total CSVD score; analyzed correlations using non-parametric statistics.

Main Results:

  • A significant positive correlation was found between the total CSVD score and plasma GFAP in the overall cohort and the non-AD group.
  • This correlation strengthened considerably in the whole cohort after adjusting for plasma p-tau 217, a key AD biomarker.
  • Specific neuroimaging biomarkers of CSVD showed a positive correlation with plasma GFAP, though not universally across all markers.

Conclusions:

  • The correlation between CSVD burden and plasma GFAP is stronger in individuals without AD compared to those with AD.
  • Adjusting for AD biomarkers like p-tau 217 enhances the observed correlation between CSVD score and plasma GFAP.
  • Plasma GFAP alone may have limitations in reflecting CSVD burden in AD patients due to overlapping pathological mechanisms; further research into other fluid biomarkers for VCID is recommended.