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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Suhyung Kim1, Sheng-Min Wang2, Dong Woo Kang3

  • 1St. Vincent's Hospital, the Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of (South).

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects cerebellar volume differently across Alzheimer's disease (AD) stages. Early anterior lobe atrophy in normal cognition and later posterior lobe atrophy in mild cognitive impairment suggest DM exacerbates AD-related cerebellar degeneration.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are linked to neurodegeneration.
  • The cerebellum's role in AD, particularly with DM comorbidity, is understudied.
  • This research investigates DM's impact on cerebellar volume across the AD continuum.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine how diabetes mellitus affects cerebellar volume in individuals with varying stages of Alzheimer's disease pathology.
  • To compare cerebellar volumes across different cognitive groups (normal cognition, preclinical AD, MCI, AD dementia) stratified by DM status.

Main Methods:

  • 134 AD patients and 66 controls were analyzed, categorized by cognitive status and DM presence.
  • Cerebellar lobe volumes (anterior, posterior, flocculonodular) were assessed using MRI and voxel-based morphometry (VBM).
  • Statistical analysis (ANCOVA) controlled for age, sex, and total cranial volume.

Main Results:

  • Diabetes mellitus was associated with reduced anterior cerebellar lobe volume in cognitively normal individuals (p=0.042).
  • DM exacerbated posterior cerebellar lobe atrophy in amyloid-positive mild cognitive impairment (p=0.045).
  • No significant cerebellar volume changes were observed in the preclinical AD stage.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetes mellitus differentially impacts cerebellar volume across the Alzheimer's disease spectrum.
  • Early anterior lobe atrophy suggests cerebellar vulnerability to DM even before significant AD pathology.
  • Posterior lobe atrophy in MCI indicates DM may accelerate cerebellar degeneration in later AD stages.