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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Sangeetha Vishweswaraiah1, Nadia Ashrafi2, Romana Mimi3

  • 1Corewell Health Research Institute, William Beaumont University Hospital, Oakland University-William Beaumont School of Medicine, Royal Oak, MI, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Integrative multi-omics reveals Rac GTPase-driven lipid metabolism disruptions in vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). This highlights a potential hallmark for VCI, aiding biomarker and therapeutic development.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genomics
  • Metabolomics

Background:

  • Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) involves cognitive disorders from vascular dysfunction, with poorly understood mechanisms.
  • Single-omics approaches are insufficient for VCI's complex biological networks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate VCI mechanisms using integrative multi-omics.
  • To identify associations between metabolites, methylation, gene expression, and metabolic pathways in VCI.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of Brodmann area 7 brain tissue from VCI cases and controls.
  • Application of multiple "omics" platforms including genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics.
  • Integration of multi-omics data to understand VCI-specific interactions.

Main Results:

  • Genomic analysis identified the Rac GTPase pathway in VCI pathogenesis.
  • Epigenetic alterations upregulated Rac GTPase pathway genes.
  • Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed dysregulated lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and GTPase activity, specifically diacylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine metabolism disruption driven by Rac GTPase.

Conclusions:

  • Integrative multi-omics is valuable for understanding VCI.
  • Rac GTPase-driven lipid metabolic disruptions are a potential hallmark of VCI.
  • Findings offer insights for VCI biomarker development and targeted therapies.