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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Salah Aziz1, Romeo Penheiro2, Cassandra Morrison1

  • 1Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hippocampal volume reductions are key indicators of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Surface-based morphometric features like curvature and thickness offer deeper insights into AD progression and cognitive decline, complementing traditional volume measurements.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Alzheimer's Disease Research
  • Brain Morphology

Background:

  • The hippocampus is crucial in Alzheimer's disease (AD), with pathology manifesting as brain atrophy and cognitive decline.
  • While hippocampal volume loss is a known AD marker, surface-based morphometric (SBM) features like curvature, gyrification, and thickness are less understood.
  • AD progression involves transitions from healthy aging to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD, characterized by memory impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of hippocampal surface-based morphometric (SBM) features in Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression.
  • To compare changes in hippocampal volume and SBM metrics across different cognitive trajectories.
  • To determine the relationship between specific SBM features and cognitive domains affected by AD.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of T1-weighted MRI data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) using the HippUnfold tool.
  • Categorization of participants (CN, MCI, AD) based on final diagnosis and cognitive trajectories (stable vs. progressors).
  • Application of linear mixed effects models to assess hippocampal volume and SBM metrics (curvature, gyrification, thickness) over time, adjusting for covariates.

Main Results:

  • Significant hippocampal volume reductions were observed in the stable AD group compared to controls.
  • All SBM metrics (curvature, gyrification, thickness) showed significant changes across disease stages and over time.
  • Volume changes primarily correlated with memory and executive function deficits, while SBM metrics influenced language and visuospatial abilities.

Conclusions:

  • Surface-based morphometric features provide valuable insights into AD pathology beyond hippocampal volume reductions.
  • Integrating SBM metrics with volumetric analyses enhances the understanding of AD mechanisms.
  • These findings underscore the potential of SBM features for improved AD diagnosis and therapeutic strategies.