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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
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Biomarkers.

Mihaly Hajos1

  • 1Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Cognito Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sensory gamma oscillation reduced white matter loss and preserved myelin in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. This treatment may offer clinical benefits by protecting white matter integrity and myelination.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • White matter volume loss and demyelination are key features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain atrophy.
  • Demyelination in AD can occur presymptomatically, before amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles form.
  • Sensory evoked gamma oscillation has shown potential in attenuating cognitive decline and brain volume loss in AD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that sensory evoked gamma oscillation preserves myelin in Alzheimer's disease.
  • To evaluate the effects of 40Hz sensory stimulation on white matter integrity and myelination in AD.

Main Methods:

  • Neuroimaging (MRI T1, T1w/T2w ratios) was used to assess white matter and corpus callosum volumes and myelination in AD participants receiving active or sham 40Hz sensory stimulation.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteomics analysis was performed on samples from participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who received Spectris treatment to identify changes in AD-related pathways.

Main Results:

  • Active 40Hz sensory stimulation significantly reduced white matter atrophy and myelin loss compared to sham treatment, particularly in the entorhinal region and corpus callosum.
  • Treatment altered CSF proteins involved in myelination, synaptic and neuroimmune functions, and lipid transport.
  • Pathway analysis indicated significant impacts on lipoprotein, cholesterol, and phospholipid metabolism, and phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis.

Conclusions:

  • Sensory evoked gamma oscillation effectively reduces white matter atrophy and preserves myelin content in AD.
  • The treatment demonstrates pleiotropic effects, significantly impacting myelination-related pathways.
  • Clinical benefits of Spectris treatment may stem from its positive effects on white matter and myelin preservation.