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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Yufei Chen1, William Robert Kwapong1

  • 1Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Beijing, China.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Retinal ischemic perivascular lesions (RIPL) are linked to Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Increased white matter hyperintensities and lower Aß42 levels correlate with RIPL, suggesting RIPL’s potential as an AD biomarker.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology and Neurology
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases Research
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder.
  • Retinal ischemic perivascular lesions (RIPL) are potential early indicators of AD.
  • RIPL may reflect the interplay between white matter burden and amyloid-beta (Aß42) levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) markers, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aß42 concentration, and RIPL in AD patients.
  • To explore the potential of RIPL as a noninvasive biomarker for AD.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving 92 AD patients and 97 cognitively unimpaired controls.
  • Participants underwent MRI, OCT/OCT angiography, and Aß PET scans.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aß42 concentrations and SVD markers (MTA, WMH) were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • RIPL was significantly associated with lower Aß42 concentration (p=0.007) and increased white matter hyperintensities (WMH) (p=0.014).
  • A significant interaction was found between Aß42 concentration and periventricular WMH in relation to RIPL (p=0.038).
  • AD patients with both increased WMH and decreased Aß42 showed higher ischemia.

Conclusions:

  • Increased periventricular WMH and decreased Aß42 concentration are independently associated with RIPL in AD.
  • The combined presence of these pathologies may indicate increased ischemic risk in AD.
  • Further research is warranted to establish the clinical utility of RIPL in AD diagnosis and management.