Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

749
Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
749
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

516
Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
516

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cortical gray-white matter contrast alterations precede amyloid-β positivity and macrostructural changes in older adults without dementia.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same author

Trajectories of brain structure and function in young adult carriers of genetic frontotemporal dementia variants.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Fibroblasts carrying intermediate C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansions from iNPH patients show changes in energy metabolism but no cell pathologies.

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research·2026
Same author

Orbitofrontal atrophy on MRI appears to be an indicator of C9orf72 repeat expansion status in FTD.

Journal of neuroradiology = Journal de neuroradiologie·2026
Same author

Biobank-based genetic characterization of neurodegenerative diseases and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: insights and lessons learned from FinnGen.

Molecular psychiatry·2026
Same author

Appropriate use recommendations of the Spanish Society of Neurology's Behavioural Neurology and Dementia Study Group on anti-amyloid antibodies in the treatment of Alzheimer disease.

Neurologia·2026
Same journal

Unveiling the procoagulant state in Alzheimer's disease: A novel PET imaging strategy.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same journal

Estimated labor market outcomes of people progressing from preclinical to early-stage Alzheimer's disease in the United States.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same journal

Amyloid exacerbates tau and alpha-synuclein pathologies, behavioral impairments, and neuroinflammation in a mixed dementia model.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same journal

Multimorbidity burden and patterns associated with DeepBrainNet-derived brain-age gap in dementia-free older adults: A community-based study.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same journal

Reply to "Shifting the emphasis of brain health literacy from individuals to systems to reduce inequalities".

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same journal

Shifting the emphasis of brain health literacy from individuals to systems to reduce inequalities.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
07:20

Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies

Published on: January 28, 2014

37.1K

Biomarkers.

Pablo Martinez-Lage1, Eino Solje2,3, Julian G Martins4

  • 1Center for Research and Memory Clinic, CITA-Alzheimer Foundation, San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Spain.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The tau to amyloid-beta 42 (pTau/Aβ42) ratio in cerebrospinal fluid shows higher accuracy for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD) than other ratios. This finding suggests pTau/Aβ42 may be the preferred biomarker for confirming AD diagnosis.

More Related Videos

Selecting Multiple Biomarker Subsets with Similarly Effective Binary Classification Performances
07:35

Selecting Multiple Biomarker Subsets with Similarly Effective Binary Classification Performances

Published on: October 11, 2018

7.9K
Ecotoxicological Methodologies to Evaluate Biomarkers at Different Scales in Neotropical Anurans
08:14

Ecotoxicological Methodologies to Evaluate Biomarkers at Different Scales in Neotropical Anurans

Published on: April 28, 2023

702

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
07:20

Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies

Published on: January 28, 2014

37.1K
Selecting Multiple Biomarker Subsets with Similarly Effective Binary Classification Performances
07:35

Selecting Multiple Biomarker Subsets with Similarly Effective Binary Classification Performances

Published on: October 11, 2018

7.9K
Ecotoxicological Methodologies to Evaluate Biomarkers at Different Scales in Neotropical Anurans
08:14

Ecotoxicological Methodologies to Evaluate Biomarkers at Different Scales in Neotropical Anurans

Published on: April 28, 2023

702

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Diagnostic Accuracy

Background:

  • Amyloid PET is the gold standard for Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis but is costly and limited in availability.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker ratios offer a cost-effective alternative with high concordance to amyloid PET.
  • The comparative diagnostic accuracy of different CSF biomarker ratios against amyloid PET remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) meta-analysis comparing the concordance of three CSF biomarker ratios (Aβ42/Aβ40, pTau/Aβ42, and tTau/Aβ42) with amyloid PET.
  • To determine if pTau/Aβ42 or tTau/Aβ42 ratios offer superior concordance compared to the widely studied Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of Medline and Embase (January 2008 - October 2024) for studies reporting CSF biomarker ratios and amyloid PET concordance.
  • Diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis using bivariate models, including summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves, SROC area under the curve (AUC) values, and meta-regression.
  • Statistical analysis performed using the Reitsma bivariate model with the R package mada v0.5.11.

Main Results:

  • Included 31 studies with 6,238 patients; most were prospective observational studies.
  • All three CSF ratios demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for AD diagnosis compared to amyloid PET.
  • The pTau/Aβ42 ratio showed a significantly higher SROC AUC (0.960) and lower false positive rate compared to Aβ42/Aβ40 (AUC 0.944) and tTau/Aβ42 (AUC 0.948).

Conclusions:

  • All evaluated CSF biomarker ratios are highly concordant with amyloid PET for AD diagnosis.
  • The pTau/Aβ42 ratio demonstrates superior concordance with amyloid PET positivity compared to Aβ42/Aβ40 and tTau/Aβ42.
  • pTau/Aβ42 is suggested as the preferred CSF biomarker ratio for confirming Alzheimer's disease diagnosis.