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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
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Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Desirée Conti1, Giulia Bechi Gabrielli2, Massimiliano Panigutti1

  • 1Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Rome, Italy.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neuroimaging reveals significant structural and functional brain changes in prodromal Dementia with Lewy bodies (pro-DLB). These alterations in areas like the frontal and occipital lobes are crucial for understanding early pro-DLB progression and diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurology
  • Dementia Research

Background:

  • Prodromal Dementia with Lewy bodies (pro-DLB) is a recently defined stage.
  • Neuroanatomical and functional correlates of pro-DLB require further clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Systematically review neuroimaging findings in pro-DLB.
  • Establish definitive neuroanatomical and functional correlates for pro-DLB.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a systematic literature search of PubMed and Scopus.
  • Included 40 studies using MRI, PET, and SPECT to examine pro-DLB patients.
  • Assessed structural (gray matter, white matter) and functional (metabolism, perfusion, connectivity) data.

Main Results:

  • Frontal lobe areas showed decreased function, atrophy, and white matter damage.
  • Parieto-occipital regions exhibited hypometabolism, hypoperfusion, and localized atrophy.
  • Subcortical changes included nucleus basalis of Meynert atrophy and reduced dopamine transporter uptake.

Conclusions:

  • Structural and functional brain damage is evident in pro-DLB, aligning with clinical presentation.
  • Frontal and parieto-occipital alterations correlate with attention, executive, and visuo-perceptual deficits.
  • Significant degeneration of cholinergic and dopaminergic systems observed, highlighting neuroimaging biomarker utility.