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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Anna Orduña Dolado1, Andrea Benedet2, Alexa Pichet Binette3

  • 1Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The NULISA platform identified distinct proteins for Alzheimer's disease (AD), synuclein, and vascular pathology. These proteins showed dynamic changes during disease progression, highlighting proteomics for differentiating co-pathologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Revised Alzheimer's Association criteria emphasize co-pathologies like synucleinopathy and vascular issues alongside amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau.
  • Differentiating these co-pathologies is crucial for accurate diagnosis and understanding disease mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To utilize the automated NULISA platform for differentiating Alzheimer's disease (AD), α-synuclein, and vascular pathology.
  • To identify differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma associated with these pathologies.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed 749 participants from BioFINDER-1 and BioFINDER-2 cohorts using NULISA CNS and Inflammation panels.
  • Identified DAPs using a linear model adjusting for age, sex, and protein levels, considering all pathologies simultaneously.
  • Evaluated DAPs for associations with continuous pathological measures (Aβ-PET, tau-PET, white matter lesions, α-synuclein pathology) in a subcohort.

Main Results:

  • Identified 84 DAPs, primarily linked to AD and vascular pathology, with some showing inverse associations.
  • Found specific proteins (ENO2, GOT1, VSNL1, MDH1, p-tau) positively associated with AD and negatively with white matter lesions.
  • Observed distinct protein trajectories along AD pseudotime and white matter lesion load, indicating dynamic changes during disease progression.

Conclusions:

  • The NULISA platform successfully identified distinct DAPs for AD, synuclein, and vascular pathology with minimal overlap.
  • These DAPs exhibit significant dynamic changes along disease progression and load, demonstrating their potential for differentiating co-pathologies.
  • Proteomics panels show promise for enhancing the diagnosis and understanding of complex neurodegenerative diseases.