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[Field epidemiology: an evolutionary perspective and contemporary challenges].

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Summary

Field epidemiology has evolved over 70 years, with training programs established globally. Addressing challenges like standardization is crucial for strengthening public health security and crisis response.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Global Health Security

Background:

  • Field epidemiology has evolved over 70 years, with significant academic development in Europe and the US.
  • The Field Epidemiology Training Program (FETP), established over 50 years ago, has been adopted in over 100 countries.
  • China has seen dynamic 25-year development in field epidemiology, with internationally recognized FETPs and integration into academic curricula.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of the evolution of field epidemiology.
  • To examine the current state of the discipline.
  • To critically analyze contemporary challenges and strategic responses in field epidemiology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of the historical development of field epidemiology.
  • Analysis of the global adoption and impact of Field Epidemiology Training Programs (FETPs).
  • Examination of challenges and future directions for the discipline.

Main Results:

  • Formal degree programs in field epidemiology remain scarce despite academic progress.
  • FETPs are instrumental in investigating and mitigating public health emergencies globally.
  • China's field epidemiology sector has expanded significantly, with domestic textbooks and academic integration.

Conclusions:

  • Field epidemiology is integral to public health education and national health security.
  • Standardization, interdisciplinary integration, and global cooperation are key challenges for the discipline.
  • Further theoretical research is vital for enhancing preparedness and response to public health crises.