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A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
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Clinical Manifestations.

James E Galvin1, Katherine C Almonte1, Andrea D Buehler1

  • 1University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Boca Raton, FL, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Healthy Brain 9 (HB9) tool effectively identifies subjective cognitive decline (SCD) in diverse older adults. This self-report assessment aids in early detection of potential neurodegenerative diseases for timely intervention.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) affects 10% of adults over 45, with varied prevalence across ethnoracial groups.
  • SCD is a potential risk factor for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia.
  • The Healthy Brain 9 (HB9) was developed as a self-report tool to assess cognitive functioning and its impact on daily life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To validate the HB9 assessment tool in a diverse, community-based cohort.
  • To evaluate the HB9's correlation with established clinical, cognitive, and biomarker measures.
  • To determine the HB9's effectiveness in identifying individuals with SCD.

Main Methods:

  • 357 participants from the Healthy Brain Initiative underwent comprehensive evaluations, including the HB9.
  • The HB9 was validated against clinical assessments, neuropsychological tests, MRI, and blood biomarkers.
  • Statistical analyses examined correlations between HB9 scores and various health and cognitive metrics.

Main Results:

  • The HB9 demonstrated moderate correlations with subjective cognitive functioning measures (AD8, QDRS) and weaker correlations with objective cognitive tests and biomarkers.
  • The tool performed consistently across diverse ethnoracial, sociodemographic, and diagnostic groups.
  • A cut-off score of 3.5 on the HB9 effectively discriminated SCD with an AUC of 0.845.

Conclusions:

  • The HB9 serves as a valuable tool for assessing SCD, particularly in identifying individuals potentially in the early stages of neurodegenerative disease.
  • While not a diagnostic tool, the HB9 can aid in monitoring and facilitate enrollment in clinical trials.
  • HB9 scores correlate with resilience, physical performance, mood, stress, and overall functionality.