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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
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Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Zampeta-Sofia Alexopoulou1, Qingyue Li2, Stefanie Köhler3

  • 1CoBTeK (Cognition-Behaviour-Technology) Research Lab, Université Côte d'Αzur, Nice, France.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Speech analysis reveals associations between neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and brain structure in early cognitive decline. Acoustic and linguistic markers from speech correlate with NPS severity and brain volumes, offering a potential objective assessment tool.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Computational Linguistics
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) can precede Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and predict cognitive decline.
  • Assessing NPS is challenging due to time, subjectivity, and tool limitations in early cognitive decline.
  • Automatic speech analysis and brain morphometry offer objective characterization and insights into NPS mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore associations between speech features, NPS assessments, and brain morphometry.
  • To investigate speech markers for objective NPS characterization in early cognitive decline.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the PROSPECT-AD project (DELCODE and DESCRIBE cohorts).
  • Included healthy controls (N=30) and participants with Subjective Cognitive Decline/Mild Cognitive Impairment (SCD/MCI) with NPS (N=44).
  • Assessed NPS using Geriatric Depression Scale and Neuropsychiatric Inventory; analyzed free speech for acoustic/linguistic features; correlated speech features with clinical scores and volumetric brain measures (amygdala, insular cortex).

Main Results:

  • Significant associations (p<0.05) found between NPS severity and acoustic/linguistic speech markers, though not surviving multiple comparisons correction.
  • Anxiety correlated positively with pause duration; depression correlated positively with vocal tremor.
  • In SCD/MCI with NPS, speech features correlated with volumes in emotion-regulation regions like the amygdala and insular cortex.

Conclusions:

  • Exploratory findings suggest acoustic speech markers associate with NPS severity and regional brain volumes in individuals with NPS.
  • Speech analysis holds potential as a non-invasive, objective tool for assessing NPS in early cognitive decline.