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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
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Biomarkers.

Martyn Frith1, Barry Chioza1, Rosemary Bamford2

  • 1University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Developing a novel assay to detect neuron-derived cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in plasma shows promise for early neurodegeneration diagnosis. This epigenetic profiling method aims to identify neuronal damage before irreversible brain injury occurs.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genomics
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Neurodegenerative diseases pose a significant global health challenge.
  • Current diagnostics detect neurodegeneration only after irreversible brain damage.
  • An unmet need exists for early detection methods to prevent permanent neurological deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a sequencing-based assay for detecting neurodegeneration using cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in plasma.
  • To leverage epigenetic profiling technology for identifying neuronal biomarkers.
  • To enable early detection of neurodegeneration before significant brain damage manifests.

Main Methods:

  • Collecting blood samples from neurodegenerative disease patients and controls.
  • Direct sequencing of cfDNA using Nanopore technology for epigenetic modification detection.
  • Utilizing a novel Ranked Beta Binomial (RBB) algorithm for neuron-derived cfDNA deconvolution.

Main Results:

  • The RBB algorithm accurately deconvolutes cell type proportions from cfDNA data, even with low read depth and cfDNA proportions.
  • High accuracy was achieved in detecting neuron-derived cfDNA fractions in both simulated and real human plasma samples.
  • Preliminary sensitivity and specificity analyses indicate the assay's potential for neurodegeneration detection.

Conclusions:

  • Preliminary findings suggest neuron-derived cfDNA is a promising biomarker for neurodegeneration.
  • Further refinement of deconvolution algorithms is necessary.
  • Clinical utility requires validation in larger patient cohorts.