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Clinical Manifestations.

Yajing Zhu1, Bing Zhang1

  • 1Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) show altered brain connectivity in olfactory networks, potentially explaining preserved olfactory function. Further research is needed to understand these neural mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is linked to early olfactory impairments.
  • Individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) are at high risk for preclinical AD.
  • Olfactory function and neural mechanisms in SCD remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate olfactory function in individuals with SCD.
  • To explore the neural mechanisms underlying olfactory perception in SCD using fMRI.
  • To determine if altered functional connectivity correlates with cognitive and olfactory performance.

Main Methods:

  • 61 normal controls (NC) and 63 SCD individuals participated.
  • Cognitive assessments, olfactory behavioral tests, and task-based fMRI were employed.
  • Functional connectivity within/between primary and advanced olfactory brain networks was analyzed.

Main Results:

  • SCD group showed higher olfactory identification scores but altered functional connectivity.
  • Specific regions within olfactory networks exhibited significantly different connectivity in SCD.
  • Altered connectivity positively correlated with olfactory thresholds, identification, and memory.

Conclusions:

  • SCD individuals exhibit enhanced functional connectivity in olfactory brain networks.
  • This enhanced connectivity may be a compensatory mechanism for maintaining olfactory perception.
  • Findings suggest potential neural mechanisms for olfactory function in early AD risk.