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Published on: September 20, 2018
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Clinical Manifestations
Joshua M Garcia1, Dahyun Yi2, Min Soo Byun3,4
1University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
Summary
Cognitive aging differs between US and Korean adults, with APOE ε4 impacting decline more in Koreans. Diverse populations show distinct genetic risk and cognitive aging patterns.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience and Aging Research
- Genetics and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Cross-Cultural Cognitive Health
Background:
- Cognitive aging and genetic risk for neurodegenerative diseases vary across ethnic and racialized groups.
- Previous research has not fully explored differences in normative cognitive aging between diverse populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare normative cognitive aging patterns between US and Korean research cohorts.
- To evaluate the influence of the APOE ε4 gene on cognitive aging in these distinct populations.
Main Methods:
- Utilized linear mixed-effects models to analyze cognitive data from US (ADNI) and Korean (KBASE) cohorts over 4 years.
- Harmonized cognitive data across memory, executive function, language, and visuospatial domains.
- Examined interactions between age, sex, education, APOE ε4 status, and cohort.
Main Results:
- Korean participants showed higher executive functioning and visuospatial abilities but lower memory intercepts compared to US participants.
- Korean participants exhibited steeper age-related cognitive declines across all domains.
- APOE ε4 was associated with lower memory and visuospatial function and slower executive function decline in Koreans, but not in US participants.
Conclusions:
- Significant variability exists in normative cognitive aging patterns between US and Korean populations.
- The APOE ε4 genotype exerts a greater influence on cognitive decline rates in the Korean cohort.
- Findings highlight the necessity of diversifying study populations and considering ethnic backgrounds in cognitive aging and genetic risk research.
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