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Published on: September 20, 2018
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Clinical Manifestations
Lucia Fernandez-Romero1, James Carrick2, Ramon Landin-Romero2
1Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 24, 2025
Summary
Spanish primary progressive aphasia (PPA) patients show more widespread cognitive deficits than Australian patients, despite similar brain changes. Cultural factors may influence PPA presentation and cognitive reserve.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Linguistics
- Psychology
Background:
- Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a neurodegenerative syndrome causing progressive language impairment.
- Cultural and linguistic factors may affect PPA presentation and cognitive domain involvement.
- Cross-cultural variations in PPA cognitive profiles require investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and compare cognitive profiles in English-speaking (Australia) and Spanish-speaking (Spain) PPA participants.
- To explore cross-cultural differences in the presentation of PPA variants.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of 461 participants (215 Australian, 246 Spanish), including PPA variants and healthy controls (HC).
- Diagnoses confirmed by established criteria, with comprehensive language assessments, neuroimaging, and cognitive tests (ACE-III).
- Cognitive performance and structural brain MRI were compared across clinical groups and cohorts.
Main Results:
- Significant cognitive performance differences were observed across PPA variants and HC in both cohorts.
- Spanish PPA groups generally scored lower on cognitive tests, particularly in attention, memory, and visuospatial abilities.
- Similar cortical thickness patterns were found, with no greater atrophy in the Spanish cohort, despite more generalized deficits.
Conclusions:
- Consistent non-language cognitive impairments were found across Australian and Spanish PPA cohorts.
- Spanish PPA patients exhibited more generalized cognitive deficits than Australians, irrespective of similar neuroimaging.
- Non-linguistic factors like culture, cognitive reserve, or resilience may influence PPA presentation.
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