Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 7, 2026
07:50
A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
Published on: September 20, 2018
16.4K
Clinical Manifestations.
Glenda Dias Dos Santos1, Orestes Vicente Forlenza2,3,
1Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
Summary
Cognitive impairments affect 15% of COVID-19 survivors, impacting memory, attention, and language 24 months post-hospitalization. Early identification is crucial for distinguishing these deficits from other neurological conditions.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Cognitive Science
- Infectious Disease Research
Background:
- COVID-19 survivors frequently report cognitive impairments, leading to functional limitations and reduced quality of life.
- A significant portion of individuals experience persistent cognitive deficits following moderate to severe COVID-19 illness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the prevalence and nature of cognitive impairments in a cohort of COVID-19 survivors.
- To investigate long-term cognitive sequelae in individuals who experienced moderate or severe COVID-19.
Main Methods:
- 361 adult COVID-19 survivors were evaluated 24 months post-hospital discharge.
- A comprehensive cognitive battery included the Mini Mental State Examination, CERAD battery, Trail Making Test (A and B), and Digit Span test.
Main Results:
- 15% (54 adults) exhibited cognitive deficits across various domains.
- Impairments were noted in verbal fluency (48.1%), naming (74%), word list recall (83.3%), executive function (Trail Making Test, 66.7%), and working memory (Digit Span, 53.7%).
- Significant correlations were found between cognitive test performance, age, and Mini-Mental State Examination scores.
Conclusions:
- The cognitive battery effectively identified deficits in executive function, memory, attention, and language in COVID-19 survivors.
- Establishing specific cognitive deficit patterns is essential for differentiating COVID-19-related impairments from other dementia types.
Related Concept Videos
01:24Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations
520
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
520
01:30Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations
299
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
299
01:25Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis
364
Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
364
01:26Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations
436
Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
436
01:29Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management
652
Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a persistent medical condition that affects many individuals worldwide. Its clinical manifestations can vary greatly, making diagnosis and management challenging for healthcare professionals. The following is a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations, assessment, and management strategies for GERD.
Clinical Manifestations
GERD presents itself in a multitude of ways, with symptoms varying from person to person. The hallmark symptoms are...
Clinical Manifestations
GERD presents itself in a multitude of ways, with symptoms varying from person to person. The hallmark symptoms are...
652
01:30Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
437
Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
437