Newborn screening and referral for congenital anomalies by lay health workers in Pakistan: a mixed-methods study to evaluate the effectiveness of a co-created educational intervention
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Lay health workers (HWs) can be effectively trained to screen neonates for congenital anomalies. This intervention significantly improved their knowledge and skills, offering a solution for healthcare workforce shortages in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
Area Of Science
- Public Health
- Medical Education
- Neonatal Screening
Background
- Congenital anomalies cause significant neonatal mortality, particularly in LMICs.
- Effective screening and referral systems are crucial for reducing neonatal deaths.
- Lay health workers (HWs) are recommended by WHO to address healthcare provider shortages.
Purpose Of The Study
- To assess the effectiveness of the CARe learner-centered educational intervention for training lay HWs.
- To evaluate the ability of trained HWs to screen neonates for external congenital anomalies and refer families.
- To improve neonatal outcomes through early detection and management of congenital anomalies.
Main Methods
- A two-week classroom and two-week hands-on training intervention (CARe) was implemented for 15 lay HWs.
- Knowledge was assessed via pre-, post-, and delayed post-tests; skills were evaluated using checklists.
- Inter-rater agreement was measured using Gwet's AC; focus group discussions captured HWs' perspectives.
Main Results
- Significant improvement in HWs' knowledge post-intervention (p < 0.001), unrelated to socio-demographic factors.
- 11 out of 15 HWs demonstrated 'Good' or 'Excellent' clinical and communication skills.
- High inter-rater agreement (Gwet's AC = 0.93, p < 0.001) between HWs and physicians.
Conclusions
- The CARe educational intervention effectively trained lay HWs in neonatal congenital anomaly screening.
- Effective training strategies, planning, and supportive supervision contributed to the positive outcomes.
- Trained HWs can be valuable in delivering public health interventions, especially in resource-limited settings.
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