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The Human Omnibus of Targetable Pockets.

Kristy A Carpenter1, Russ B Altman2,3,4,5

  • 1Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.

Journal of Cheminformatics
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We created the Human Omnibus of Targetable Pockets (HOTPocket) dataset, featuring over 2.4 million predicted ligand binding pockets across the human proteome. A new scoring method, hotpocketNN, identifies druggable pockets effectively.

Keywords:
Binding pocketDatasetLigand bindingMachine learningNeural networkProtein language model

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Area of Science:

  • Computational biology
  • Structural bioinformatics
  • Drug discovery

Background:

  • Predicting ligand binding pockets is crucial for drug discovery, but a comprehensive human proteome-wide dataset is lacking.
  • Existing pocket-finding methods have limitations and excel in specific use cases.
  • Ensemble approaches combining multiple strategies offer potential for large-scale, diverse pocket prediction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a comprehensive, human proteome-wide dataset of predicted ligand binding pockets.
  • To develop and validate a novel pocket scoring method for identifying druggable pockets.
  • To provide a freely available resource for the research community.

Main Methods:

  • Assembled the Human Omnibus of Targetable Pockets (HOTPocket) dataset using seven pocket-finding methods on PDB and AlphaFold2 structures.
  • Applied a novel scoring method, hotpocketNN, to filter and curate over 2.4 million predicted pockets.
  • Validated hotpocketNN against known pockets and benchmark datasets (Astex Diverse Set, PoseBusters).

Main Results:

  • The HOTPocket dataset contains over 2.4 million predicted pockets across the human proteome.
  • hotpocketNN successfully recovered known ligand binding pockets, including novel ones.
  • hotpocketNN outperformed constituent methods like P2Rank and Fpocket in precision assessments.
  • Identified druggable pockets in KRAS and the mu opioid receptor.

Conclusions:

  • The HOTPocket dataset and hotpocketNN method represent a significant advancement in proteome-wide druggable pocket identification.
  • hotpocketNN demonstrates superior performance and generalizability in predicting druggable pockets.
  • These freely available resources will accelerate drug discovery efforts by providing comprehensive pocket information.