Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors

Area of Science:

• Gerontology
• Sociology
• Public Health

Background:

• Dementia prevalence among Black populations in Canada is projected to increase by 507% by 2030.
• Limited empirical research exists on the experiences of Black older adults with dementia in Canada.
• Existing studies lack applicability due to overlooking Canada's unique multicultural and sociopolitical context.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the lived experiences of first-generation Black older adults with dementia in Canada.
• To explore the interplay of race, culture, and caregiving, focusing on mobility.
• To address the gap in culturally nuanced research for effective program design.

Main Methods:

• Qualitative study employing interpretive narrative methodology.
• Purposive sampling of 12 older adults with moderate dementia in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA).
• Data collected through in-depth interviews and thematic analysis.

Main Results:

• Participants experienced significant challenges navigating indoor and outdoor spaces due to cultural stigma and societal taboos.
• Struggles with memory and orientation led to frustration; mobility aids were essential for some.
• Fear of getting lost and loss of driving privileges contributed to isolation and confinement.

Conclusions:

• Stigma and fragmented support systems negatively impact the autonomy of Black older adults with dementia.
• Culturally sensitive care and strengthened community resources are vital.
• Future research should focus on upholding the dignity of people with dementia in Canada.