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Eun Jin Yoon1,2, Heejung Kim2,3, Jun-Young Lee2,3

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Individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and multiple behavioral symptoms show increased amyloid deposition in specific brain regions. This suggests a more advanced disease stage and highlights the utility of evaluating mild behavioral impairment (MBI) for risk stratification.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Previous research indicated a higher risk of Alzheimer's disease progression in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients with multiple mild behavioral impairment (MBI) domain symptoms.
  • This study investigates the association between MBI subgroups and early amyloid deposition in aMCI individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if specific MBI subgroups in aMCI patients are linked to early amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition.
  • To explore the relationship between MBI, amyloid burden, and cognitive function in aMCI.

Main Methods:

  • 121 aMCI patients and 23 cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals underwent 18F-florbetaben (FBB) PET scans.
  • MBI was assessed using a transformation algorithm, classifying aMCI participants into asymptomatic, affective dysregulation, and complex groups.
  • Voxel-wise comparisons of FBB PET standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) maps were performed between groups, controlling for age and sex.

Main Results:

  • The complex MBI group showed higher regional FBB SUVRs in the precuneus, inferior temporal, and angular cortices compared to CU individuals.
  • Amyloid-positive aMCI patients in the complex group exhibited lower cognitive scores than the asymptomatic group.
  • No significant differences in global or regional amyloid deposition were found between MBI subgroups.

Conclusions:

  • Multiple co-occurring MBI symptoms in aMCI are associated with increased regional amyloid deposition and cognitive decline, indicating a more advanced disease stage.
  • MBI assessment can aid in risk stratification for individuals with MCI.
  • These findings underscore the importance of behavioral symptoms in understanding disease progression in MCI.