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Clinical Manifestations.

Alessandra Santini1, Barbara Suman Bahlis2, Fernando Jacob Lazzaretti3,4,5

  • 1Psychiatry Department, São Lucas Hospital of PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) in psychiatric (PSY) patients often mimic PSY disorders. This study found NDD patients exhibit poorer cognitive and functional performance, highlighting the need for specific diagnostic assessments in psychiatric units.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • A significant number of psychiatric ward admissions have underlying neurodegenerative diseases (NDD).
  • Neuropsychiatric symptoms in NDD can mimic primary psychiatric disorders, leading to misdiagnosis.
  • Early identification of NDD in psychiatric settings is crucial for appropriate management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cognitive performance patterns in patients with psychiatric (PSY) disorders versus neurodegenerative diseases (NDD).
  • To differentiate cognitive features associated with PSY and NDD in a real-world clinical psychiatric setting.
  • To assess functional status and diagnostic criteria for NDD in hospitalized psychiatric patients over 45.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective observational cohort study of patients admitted to a psychiatric ward.
  • Assessment of functional status and clinical diagnostic criteria for NDD.
  • Statistical analysis including Welch t-test, chi-squared test, and ANOVA for cognitive domains using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).

Main Results:

  • The NDD group showed significantly worse cognitive and functional performance compared to the PSY group.
  • The PSY group had higher mean MoCA total scores and lower CDR scores.
  • Significant differences in MoCA domains of memory, language, and orientation were observed between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals with NDD admitted to psychiatric wards exhibit poorer cognitive and functional outcomes than those with primary psychiatric illnesses.
  • Cognitive domains of memory, language, and orientation are significantly affected in the neurodegenerative process within this population.
  • Emphasizes the necessity for targeted assessments to accurately characterize patients with co-occurring NDD and psychiatric conditions.