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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vervet monkeys show distinct glucose handling patterns similar to humans, with impaired metabolic function linked to age. Better glycemic control in older vervets correlated with better cognitive function, highlighting a connection between metabolism and brain health.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience and Aging Research
  • Primate Models in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) Research
  • Metabolic Dysfunction and Cognitive Decline

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading cause of dementia, with impaired glucose metabolism and type 2 diabetes (T2D) increasing AD risk.
  • Vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus) serve as a valuable nonhuman primate model for studying early AD due to conserved physiological and pathological traits with humans.
  • Understanding the interplay between aging, glucose metabolism, and cognitive function in vervets can provide insights into human AD pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize distinct patterns of glucose and insulin handling in aging female vervet monkeys.
  • To investigate the temporal relationships between age, glucose metabolism, and cognitive performance (executive function, working memory).
  • To examine the modifying role of body mass index (BMI) on these age-related metabolic and cognitive associations.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted 101 intravenous glucose tolerance tests (ivGTTs) over 4 years in 41 female vervets aged 9-30 years.
  • Analyzed glucose and insulin levels to identify distinct metabolic profiles and their association with age.
  • Assessed cognitive performance and examined BMI as a covariate in the analysis of metabolic and cognitive relationships.

Main Results:

  • Identified four distinct glucose handling patterns, mirroring T2D development in humans, including normal, hyperinsulinemic, and impaired insulin response groups.
  • Older age was significantly associated with altered glucose and insulin dynamics, including higher baseline glucose and impaired glucose clearance.
  • Poorer glucose handling, particularly declining insulin production and increasing glucose levels, correlated with deficits in executive function and working memory, respectively. Higher BMI exacerbated these effects.

Conclusions:

  • Vervet monkeys exhibit diverse glucose and insulin physiology subtypes and develop age-related metabolic impairments analogous to humans.
  • Glucose handling is a significant predictor of cognitive performance in aging vervets, with effects potentially modulated by obesity.
  • These findings underscore the utility of vervet monkeys for modeling human age-related cognitive decline and metabolic dysfunction relevant to AD.