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Clinical Manifestations.

Brooke Molina1, Douglas Teixeira Leffa1, Ann D Cohen2,3

  • 1University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is linked to increased Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. This study assesses cognitive function and AD biomarkers in midlife adults with ADHD, investigating potential links and feasibility of assessments.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental disorders
  • Neurodegenerative diseases
  • Aging and cognition

Background:

  • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) persists into adulthood, increasing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk.
  • Genetic predisposition to ADHD is associated with cognitive decline and AD pathophysiology.
  • Current AD research often excludes individuals with neurodevelopmental differences, limiting understanding of AD pathways in these populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between rigorously diagnosed ADHD and age-related diseases like AD.
  • To assess the feasibility of cognitive and AD biomarker measurements in midlife adults with ADHD.
  • To gather preliminary data on cognitive function and AD biomarkers in individuals with a history of ADHD.

Main Methods:

  • Cognitive and AD biomarker assessments in 100 participants from the Pittsburgh ADHD Longitudinal Study (PALS).
  • Participants are midlife adults with childhood ADHD diagnoses.
  • Measures include cognitive tests (MoCA, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test) and blood-based AD biomarkers (plasma Ab42/40, tau variants, inflammation markers).

Main Results:

  • Preliminary group comparisons of cognitive function and AD biomarkers will be reported.
  • Effect sizes will be emphasized due to interim study progress.
  • Feasibility of assessments in midlife adults with ADHD histories will be demonstrated.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding ADHD's association with AD is crucial due to rising adult ADHD prevalence.
  • This research addresses the need for studying AD risk in adults with ADHD.
  • Feasibility of measuring cognition and AD biomarkers in this population is being established.