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Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management01:28

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Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...
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Prevalence and Pattern of Nodal Metastases in Ovarian Malignancy: A Perioperative Audit.

Ashok Padhy1, Sony Nanda1, Bhagyalaxmi Nayak1

  • 1Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Acharya Harihar Post Graduate Institute of Cancer (AHPGIC), Cuttack, Odisha, India.

South Asian Journal of Cancer
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Detailed staging in early ovarian cancer reveals distinct nodal metastasis patterns. High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) often shows pelvic spread, while endometrioid types spread to both pelvic and para-aortic nodes. Upstaging occurred in 45.2% of cases.

Keywords:
lymph node metastasesnonserous tumorsovarian cancerspara-aortic lymph nodepelvic nodesserous tumors

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Area of Science:

  • Gynecologic Oncology
  • Surgical Pathology
  • Cancer Staging

Background:

  • The benefits of comprehensive nodal dissection and detailed staging in early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer remain unclear.
  • Understanding nodal involvement patterns based on histotype is crucial for accurate staging and treatment planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate lymphatic dissemination patterns and prevalence in early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer.
  • To identify risk factors associated with nodal metastases in this patient population.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study including 157 patients with early-stage ovarian cancer over three years.
  • Analysis of histotype, grade, and nodal involvement patterns (pelvic, para-aortic).
  • Assessment of upstaging rates following surgical staging procedures.

Main Results:

  • High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) was the most frequent histotype (55.4%).
  • Isolated pelvic nodal involvement was most common (48.9%), followed by combined pelvic and para-aortic (25.5%).
  • HGSOC showed isolated pelvic metastasis; endometrioid tumors spread to both pelvic and para-aortic nodes. Grade 3 and serous histology were associated with metastasis. Upstaging occurred in 45.2% of cases.

Conclusions:

  • Nodal metastasis patterns in early ovarian cancer vary significantly by histotype.
  • Surgical staging procedures lead to upstaging in a substantial proportion of patients.
  • Further multicentric studies are needed to determine the prognostic impact of systematic lymphadenectomy based on histotype and metastasis distribution.