Pathogenic MAX Variant in Bilateral Adrenal Paragangliomas: The Dilemma of Cortical-Sparing Surgery

Henrique Carmona Alexandrino1, Andreia Martins Fernandes2, Ricardo Godinho3

  • 1Endocrinology, Unidade Local de Saúde Gaia-Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, PRT.

Cureus
|December 25, 2025
PubMed

Insights

A patient with catecholamine excess and adrenal lesions had negative initial genetic tests. Later, a MAX gene variant was found, impacting surgical decisions for adrenal preservation versus oncological safety.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas are rare tumors often linked to hereditary syndromes.
  • Catecholamine excess presents with significant cardiovascular and metabolic challenges.
  • Advances in genetic testing are crucial for diagnosing and managing these conditions.